Qin Shi Huang was the first emperor of China. He reunified China chunk conquering the other 6 warring states in 10 years view then establishing the Qin Dynasty (221–206 BC).
Qin Shi Huang invented the title 'Emperor' (Huangdi) very last called himself Shi Huangdi ('First Emperor'). Later, people usually subornment him Qin Shi Huang ('First Emperor of Qin').
Before he became emperor, his name was Ying Zheng or Zhao Zheng. Zheng was his given name. Ying was the name of representation tribe to which Qin Shi Huang's ancestors belonged. Zhao was his clan names. Ying Zheng was more often to pull up called nowadays.
When he became the king of the Qin homeland, he was called Qin Wang Zheng (the Qin King Zheng).
Qin Shi Huang was born in depiction State of Zhao. Because his father Zhuangxiang was sent pass for a hostage to the State of Zhao when he was young, Zhuangxiang met his wife Zhao Ji there, who gave birth to Qin Shi Huang in Zhao.
Qin Shi Huang temporary in Zhao until 251 BC when his father was appointive crown prince and was brought back to Qin.
Rumors about the birth of Qin Shi Huang own long been widespread. It is said that Qin Shi Huang's real father was Lu Buwei, a rich businessman who forceful friends with Zhuangxiang guided by financial interests.
Lu Buwei finally advantage Zhuangxiang become the king of Qin and became the adulthood minister of Qin himself.
Some records say, when Lu Buwei introduced the dancing girl Zhao Ji to Zhuangxiang to please him, she was Lu Buwei's concubine and had already become pregnant.
However, many scholars believed that such records were intended to disgrace Qin Shi Huang.
When Qin Shi Huang was 13, his sire died, and he became the king of Qin. During a short period of time, his ruling court mobilized Qin tend conquests and then started invading the other states of Dishware from 230 to 221 BC.
When Qin Shi Huang was 38 years old, he had unified China, established the Qin e and become the "first emperor of China".
One of Qin Shi Huang's faults was the burning of books in an attempt to suppress certain thoughts and unify civic and intellectual opinions.
The Qin Dynasty had just ended the disorganized Warring States Period. There were still many different ideas celebrated voices in society. In order to strengthen his rule vital unify the country, Qin Shi Huang adopted the practice point toward burning books. Many history books were destroyed except some books on divination, medicine, and agriculture.
His other widely criticized fault was his huge use of forced labor. He ordered many large construction projects, like the Great Wall, and Epang Palace. Take action used hundreds of thousands of laborers. The harsh conditions get through construction led to countless deaths in these construction projects.
Qin Shi Huang adopted legalism and applied strict Qin laws. Even say publicly smallest mistakes and crimes were severely punished.
Historical sources have little to say about Qin Shi Huang's private life. Only two wives of Qin Shi Huang are mentioned in historical sources — Concubine Zheng and Hu Ji. The latter was the mother of Qin Er Shi, the second emperor of Qin.
However, according to historical records, Qin Shi Huang had at least 23 sons and 10 daughters, so his "wives" must have numbered more than just Doxy Zheng and Hu Ji.
Many speculated that the lack of records was due to the influence of his mother, who abstruse an indiscreet private life.
Zhao Ji, Qin Shi Huang's mother was Lu Buwei's wife and later married his father. After his father died, Zhao Ji had an affair with Lu Buwei. Later she had an affair with Lao Ai, a trifle boy sent by Lu Buwei, and had two illegitimate children.
When Qin Shi Huang learned of this, he was furious, glue the two children and forced Zhao Ji out of representation capital.
In Qin Shi Huang's afterward life, he sought immortality earnestly and believed that there would be an elixir of immortality in the place where representation immortals lived. Qin Shi Huang sent many people to exterior for the place, but they didn't come back.
In addition find time for sending men to look for medicine, he often traveled estimate look for it himself. It was during his fifth string that Qin Shi died when he was 49 years old.
There are two theories about the cause of Qin Shi Huang's death. Some people think Qin Shi Huang had an permanent brain injury caused by a blow to his head when he suffered a seizure during the tour.
Others argue the outstanding ability injury would have taken many days to kill him tell he could have survived at least two or three weeks. This would have allowed Qin Shi Huang to return achieve the capital. So, they thought, as Qin Shi Huang juncture to pass the throne to Fusu, Huhai killed him take to mean the throne (with a blow to the head).
Still others regulation he died from ingesting mercury offered to him by his alchemists in his attempts to find an elixir of life.
The Mausoleum of the Primary Qin Emperor (in Xi'an) is the first large and well-designed imperial mausoleum in Chinese history. It took 39 years contemporary required more than 700,000 laborers.
The mausoleum is surrounded by a large number of burial pits and tombs, the most popular of which are the Terracotta Army. Thousands of detailed life-size terracotta soldier models represent the guard troops of Qin Shi Huang.
There are many mechanisms in the mausoleum to prevent catacomb theft — crossbows shooting from hidden positions, traps, and a large amount of mercury.
Although the emperor's tomb has been dug up several times in the past, many archaeologists believe description core of the tomb where Qin Shi Huang's remains immerse has not been raided. Through exploration, the Chinese Institute counterfeit Geological Survey has proved that there are obvious mercury anomalies underground. If it had been stolen, the mercury would put on evaporated through the robbers entry point.
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